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Frances Xavier Cabrini

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Saint

Frances Xavier Cabrini

MSC
Virgin
BornMaria Francesca Cabrini
(1850-07-15)July 15, 1850
Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, Austrian Empire
DiedDecember 22, 1917(1917-12-22) (aged 67)
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Resting placeSt. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine, Upper Manhattan, New York, United States
Venerated inCatholic Church
BeatifiedNovember 13, 1938 by Pope Pius XI
CanonizedJuly 7, 1946 by Pope Pius XII
Major shrine
Feast
  • November 13 (US, 1961 to date)
  • December 22 (elsewhere)
PatronageImmigrants

Frances Xavier Cabrini MSC (Italian: Francesca Saverio Cabrini (birth name), July 15, 1850 – December 22, 1917), also known as Mother Cabrini, was a prominent Italian-American, Catholic who was a religious sister. She founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a religious institute that provides education, health care, and other services to the poor in 15 nations.[1] During her lifetime, Cabrini established schools, orphanages and other social service institutions in both Italy and the United States.

Born in Italy, Cabrini migrated to the United States in 1887 and became a naturalized American citizen in 1909.[2] On July 7, 1946, Cabrini became the first American citizen to be canonized a saint by the Catholic Church. The Vatican in 1950 named her as the patron saint of immigrants.[a][3][4]

Cabrini's annual feast day in the United States is November 13, her beatification day. In other nations, her feast day is December 22, the day she died.[5]

Early life

[edit]

She was born Maria Francesca Cabrini on July 15, 1850, in Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, in the Province of Lodi of Lombardy, then part of the Austrian Empire. She was the youngest of the 13 children of farmer Agostino Cabrini and his wife Stella Oldini.[6] Only four of her siblings survived beyond adolescence.[3]

Born two months prematurely, Frances Cabrini was small and weak as a child and remained in delicate health throughout her life.[3] During her childhood, she visited an uncle, Don Luigi Oldini of Livraga, a priest who lived beside a canal. While in Livrage, she made little paper boats, dropped violets she called "missionaries" in the boats, and launched them in the stream to sail to India and China. Cabrina made her first holy communion at age nine.[7]

At age 13, Cabrini attended a school in Arluno, Lombardy, that was run by the Daughters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Five years later, she graduated cum laude from the school with a teaching certificate.[8] After Cabrini's parents died in 1870, she applied for admission to the Daughters of the Sacred Heart at Arluno. However, the sisters rejected Cabrini because they believed her health wasn't strong enough.[9] She later contracted smallpox and was rejected by the Canossian Sisters of Crema, again due to health reasons.[7]

In 1875, a priest in Codogno, Lombardy, invited Cabrini to open and run the an orphanage in that town.. While at the orphanage, she assembled a small community of women with the aim of creating a religious home. However, her efforts were thwarted by the two women who actually owned the orphanage. Cabrini took religious vows in 1877; she added Xavier (Saverio in Italian) to her name to honor Reverend Francis Xavier, the patron saint of missionary service. Like Xavier, Cabrini still wanted to become a missionary in East Asia.[2]

In 1880, the bishop of the Diocese of Lodi, Monsignor Domenico Gelmini, told Cabrini that she should pursue her dream of becoming a missionary, but did not know of any religious orders that trained them. Cabrini said she would start her own order.[10] That same year, Cabrini bought a former Franciscan convent in Codogno. In November 1880, she and several other women left the orphanage to found the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (MSC).[11][12]

At the Codogno convent, the sisters took in orphans and foundlings, opened a day school, started classes in needlework, and sold their fine embroidery.[8] The institute eventually established seven homes, a free school and nursery in Lombardy in its first five years. The accomplishments of the institute brought Cabrini to the attention of Pope Leo XIII.

Mission to United States

[edit]
Mother Cabrini meets Pope Leo XIII. Painting by Luigi Arzuffi, at the Our Lady of the Assumption Church, Caselle Landi, Italy
St. Cabrini Home, West Park, New York (1890)

In September 1887, Cabrini went to Rome to seek Leo XII's approval to establish missions in China. Instead, he urged her to go to the United States, which was then being flooded with large numbers of impoverish Italian immigrants needing help. The pope was concerned that these Catholics would leave the church unless they were given assistance. Leo told Cabrini "Not to the East, but to the West".[11]

Cabrini left for the United States, arriving in New York City on March 31, 1889, along with six other sisters.[13] Arriving in New York, the sisters discovered that there was no convent in the area for their lodging. They spent their first night in the United States in a rooming house with bed bugs in the mattresses, forcing them to sleep on chairs.[14][11][3] Archbishop Michael Corrigan then found the sisters residence at the convent of the Sisters of Charity in the Bronx.

During this period, the Catholic hierarchy and clergy in New York City were dominated by Irish immigrants who share a common prejudice against Italians. Many parishes segregated Italian worshippers in church basements and the archdiocese had very few Italian priests. In addition, Sullivan believed that only men were suitable for mission work with immigrants. When he met with Cabrini, Sullivan told her that she and her sisters should take the ship back to Italy. Cabrini refused, saying, “I have letters from the pope.”[15]

With no assistance from the archdiocese, Cabrini and her sisters started knocking on tenement doors in Little Italy in Manhattan. As they were from Northern Italy, the mainly Sicilian and other Southern Italian immigrants were initially suspicious of them. With the help of other female religious orders, the Missionary Sisters started tending the sick, teaching children and feeding the hungry. Soon the neighborhood merchants started providing the sisters with food and funding to support their mission. In 1890, Cabrini obtained permission from Sullivan to found the Sacred Heart Orphan Asylum in rural West Park, New York, later renamed Saint Cabrini Home.[15]

Cabrini organized catechism and education classes for the Italian immigrants and provided for many orphans' needs. She established schools and orphanages despite tremendous odds. She was as resourceful as she was prayerful, finding people who would donate what she needed in money, time, labor, and support.[16] In New York City, she founded Columbus Hospital, which merged with Italian Hospital to become Cabrini Medical Center from 1973 until its closure in 2008.[17][18] Cabrini was naturalized as a United States citizen in 1909.[2]

Cabrini in 1911 opened Columbus Hospital in the Italian neighborhood in Lincoln Park in Chicago . However, some neighbors were unhappy with the hospital, fearing that it would lower property values. During its construction in the winter, a vandal cut the water mains, flooding the construction site. When the Columbus Extension Hospital was being built on the Near West Side, an arson attack was thwarted.[3] [19]

Death and legacy

[edit]

Frances Cabrini died from chronic endocarditis at age 67 at Columbus Hospital in Chicago on December 22, 1917.[6] She was initially interred at the Saint Cabrini Home in West Park, New York. Her remains were exhumed and removed in 1933.

Cabrini founded 67 missionary institutions to serve the sick and poor, long before government agencies provided extensive social services – in New York; Chicago and Des Plaines, Illinois; Seattle; New Orleans; Denver and Golden, Colorado; Los Angeles; Philadelphia; and in countries throughout Latin America and Europe.[2] In 1926, nine years after her death, the Missionary Sisters achieved Cabrini's original goal of becoming missionaries to China.[20]

Veneration

[edit]
Mother Cabrini High School band at Yonkers Parade (2005)

In 1921, Peter Smith was born in Columbus Hospital in New York. He was blinded when a nurse accidentally administered a 50% silver nitrate solution into his eyes. The doctors said that Smith's corneas were destroyed and that he was permanently blind. The mother superior of the hospital later touched a relic of Cabrini to his eyes and the nurse who committed the mistake prayed to Cabrini to help him. When the doctors examined Smith a second time, his eyes were normal.[21]

In 1933, the Missionary Sisters exhumed Cabrini's body and divided it as part of her canonization process. They sent her head to the chapel of the congregation's motherhouse in Rome. Her heart went to Codogno and her arm bone to the National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini in Chicago. The sisters sent most of her body to the St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine in New York City.[22]

Cabrini was beatified on November 13, 1938, by Pope Pius XI. Reverend Peter Smith, whose blindness cure as an infant became Cabrini's beatification miracle later, attended the ceremony.

Pope Pius XII canonized Cabrini on July 7, 1946.[16][3] Her canonization miracle involved the purported healing of a terminally ill member of her congregation. After Cabrini was canonized, an estimated 120,000 people attended a mass of thanksgiving at Soldier Field in Chicago.[23]

In the Roman Martyrology, Cabrini's feast day is December 22th, the anniversary of her death. This is the day ordinarily chosen as a saint's feast day.[24] Following the reforms in Pope John XXIII's Code of Rubrics in 1960, the United States has celebrated Cabrini's feast day on November 13th, her beatification day. This change was made to avoid conflicting with the greater ferias of Advent.

In 1950, Pius XII named Cabrini as the patron saint of immigrants, recognizing her efforts on their behalf across the Americas in schools, orphanages, hospitals, and prisons.[25][26]Pope Francis has stated that Cabrini's charitable works in Argentina inspired him to become a priest..[22]

Shrines

[edit]

National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini

[edit]
National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini in Chicago
Main article: National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini

The National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini is located in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago. When the shrine was founded in 1955, it was located within the Columbus Hospital complex in Chicago. Cabrini had founded the hospital in 1905, lived and worked there, and died there in 1917. After Cabrini's canonization 1946, the archdiocese decided that it needed a shrine in her honor. When the hospital was demolished for a high rise development in 2002, the shrine closed for ten years. It was relocated next to the new development, renovated and reopened in 2012.[27]

The shrine was re-dedicated by Cardinal Francis George on September 30, 2012, It contains gold mosaics, Carrara marble, frescoes, and Florentine stained glass,. It also preserve the room from the Columbus Hospital in which Cabrini died. The shrine is used today for worship, spiritual care, and pilgrimage.[27]

Mother Cabrini Shrine

[edit]
Stone House at Mother Cabrini Shrine in Golden, Colorado
Main article: Mother Cabrini Shrine

The Mother Cabrini Shrine is located on Lookout Mountain in Golden, Colorado. Cabrini purchased the property in 1910 to serve as a summer camp for the girls from her Queen of Heaven Orphanage in Denver. She built the Stone House in 1914 to serve as the girls dormitory.[28]

After Cabrini's canonization in 1946, the Missionary Sisters converted the summer camp into the Mother Cabrini Shrine. It contains a footpath up Lookout Mountain, marked with the Stations of the Cross, that ends at a 22-foot (7 m) statue of Jesus.[29] The shrine campus includes a convent, visitor accommodations, a chapel and an exhibit of Cabrini artifacts. The statues and stained-glass windows in the chapel came from Villa Cabrini Academy in Burbank, California.[28]

St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine

[edit]
St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine in New York City
Main article: St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine

The St. Frances Xavier Cabrini Shrine, located in Hudson Heights neighborhood of New York City, houses her remains. Cabrini purchased the property in 1899 to establish a school for the girls of wealthy families. In 1930, the Missionary Sisters established the Mother Cabrini High School on the site. They moved her remains in 1938 to a glass-enclosed coffin under the altar of the school chapel.[30]

Cabrini's canonization in 1946 brought a huge influx of visitors to the chapel. To accommodate them, the sisters in 1960 moved her remains to a separate shrine building. They now reside in a large bronze-and-glass reliquary casket in the shrine's altar. Her body is covered with her religious habit and a sculpted face mask and hands for viewing.[30]

Other shrines

[edit]
Mother Cabrini Shrine in St George's Cathedral, Southwark
  • The Mother Cabrini Shrine at St George's Cathedral in London, was dedicated by Archbishop Kevin McDonald in 2009. Cabrini worshipped at St. George while staying in London. The shrine occupies a former confessional in the cathedral and contains a bronze sculpture of Carbrini watching over migrants who stand on a pile of suitcases.[31]
  • The Mother Cabrini Shrine in Burbank, California is located near the site of the former Villa Cabrini Academy, founded by her order. The shrine consists of a chapel that Cabrini founded in a different location in Burbank in 1916. The Italian Catholic Federation relocated the chapel to St. Francis Xavier Church in 1973 to save it from demolition. The federation added a library wing to the shrine in 1993.[32]
  • The Shrine of Mother Cabrini is located on the campus of the Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima in Lewiston, New York.[33]
  • Our Lady of Pompeii Church in New York city has a shrine, a statue, and a stained-glass window dedicated to Cabrini. She and her Missionary Sisters taught religious education there.[34][35]
  • The Mother Cabrini Shrine in Peru, New York, is a stone grotto on the grounds of St. Patrick Church. It was dedicated in 1947.[36][37]

Legacy

[edit]
Mother Cabrini Mosaic at St. Robert Bellarmine School, Burbank, California

Churches and parishes

[edit]
St. Frances Cabrini Church, Omaha, Nebraska
Stained glass window of Mother Cabrini at St. Stephen Church in Chesapeake, Virginia

Italy

[edit]
  • St. Frances Cabrini Parish (parrocchia Santa Francesca Cabrini), Codogno[38]
  • St. Frances Cabrini Parish (parrocchia Santa Francesca Cabrini), Lodi
  • St. Frances Cabrini Parish (parrocchia Santa Francesca Cabrini), Rome
  • St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City, 18-foot (5.5 m) statue of "S. Francisca Xaveria Cabrini", included among 39 saints who founded religious congregations[39]

United States

[edit]

Brazil

[edit]

SÃO PAULO

  • Colégio Madre Cabrini, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Casa Provincial, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Casa Santa Cabrini, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Casa São José, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Casa N. Sra. de Caravaggio, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Casa Sagrado Coração de Jesus, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Centro Social da Criança, Luz (bairro de São Paulo), Brazil
  • Centro Assistencial Santana, Jd. Ana Lúcia, Brazil
  • Colégio Boni Consilii, Campos Elíseos, Brazil

MINAS GERAIS

RIO DE JANEIRO

  • Centro de Formação e Espiritualidade Cabriniana, Tijuca, Brazil
  • Obra Social Santa Cabrini, Tijuca, Brazil
  • Obra Social Santa Cabrini, Vila do João, Brazil

PIAUÍ

  • Centro da Juventude Santa Cabrini, Teresina, Brazil
  • Casa Nossa Senhora das Graças, Cajazeiras, Brazil

MARANHÃO

  • Casa Fraternidade Irmã Rafaela, Itapecuru-Mirim, Brazil

Other countries

[edit]

Hospitals

[edit]
Former Cabrini Medical Center, New York City
  • Cabrini Health, a network of Catholic hospitals in Melbourne, Victoria, in Australia[54]
  • Santa Cabrini Hospital, founded in 1958 in Montreal, Quebec, in Canada
  • St. Frances Cabrini Medical Center and Cancer Institute in Santo Tomas City, Batangas, in Philippines[55]
  • The former St. Cabrini Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, founded in 1910 as the Columbus Hospital Extension. It became St. Cabrini Hospital in 1946
  • Christus St. Frances Cabrini Hospital in Alexandria, Louisiana, founded shortly after her canonization, and named because Bishop Charles Greco had met her in his childhood[56]
  • The former Cabrini Medical Center in New York City. It was formed by a merger with Columbus Hospital. co-founded by Cabrini in 1892

Portrayals

[edit]

Film

[edit]

Institutions with Cabrini name

[edit]
Cabrini Woods Nature Sanctuary, New York City
  • The former St. Cabrini Home in West Park, New York, was Cabrini's first orphanage, the American headquarters of the Missionary Sisters, and her original burial place. The facility closed in 2011.[57]
  • The Cabrini Museum and Spirituality Center occupies the convent that Cabrini ran in Codogno in 1880.[58]
  • The former Cabrini University in Radnor, Pennsylvania. Founded by the Missionary Sisters in 1958, it closed in 2024.[59]
  • RSA Santa Francesca Cabrini is a residential care facility for the elderly in Codogno.[60]
  • The Cabrini Mission Foundation, founded in 1998, supports Cabrini programs worldwide and institutions focused on health care, education, and social services.[61]
  • Cabrini of Westchester consists of two residential facilities for the elderly in Manhattan and Dobbs Ferry, New York that are operated by the Missionary Sisters.[62]
  • The Cabrini–Green public housing project in Chicago, built between 1942 and 1962.[63]
  • Cabrini Boulevard in Manhattan, New York.[64]
  • Cabrini Woods Nature Sanctuary in Fort Tryon Park in Manhattan
  • Mother Cabrini Park in Newark, New Jersey. It includes a 1958 statue of Cabrini on the site of a school she founded.[65]
  • Mother Cabrini Park in Brooklyn, New York, in 1992, one hundred years after she established a school on the site.[66]
  • The Cabrini-Zentrum near Offenstetten, Germany, is a school and home for orphans and special needs children, with disabilities. It was founded by the Missionary Sisters in 1946.[67]

Honors

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Bibliography

[edit]

Nonfiction

[edit]
  • Maynard, Theodore. Too Small a World: The Life of Mother Frances Cabrini. Foreword by Timothy Cardinal Dolan. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2024 [original: 1945].
  • De Donato, Pietro. Immigrant Saint: The Life of Mother Cabrini. New York: McGraw Hill, 1960.
  • De Maria, Mother Saverio. Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini. Translated by Rose Basile Green. Chicago: Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, 1984.
  • Travels of Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini: Foundress of the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Edited by Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Chicago: Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, 1984.

Fiction

[edit]
  • Gregory, Nicole. God's Messenger: The Astounding Achievements of Mother Frances X. Cabrini: A Novel. Washington, D.C.: Barbera Foundation, 2018.

Children and Young Adults

[edit]
  • Keyes, Frances Parkinson. Mother Cabrini: Missionary to the World. Vision Books. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1997.
  • Andes, Mary Lou and Victoria Dority. Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini: Cecchina's Dream. Illustrated by Barbara Kiwak. Boston: Pauline Books, 2005.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Elizabeth Ann Seton was the first canonized saint born in what is now the United States. She was born in 1774 in New York, then a British colony, and canonized in 1975.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Maynard, Theodore (1945). Too Small a World: The Life of Mother Frances Cabrini. San Francisco: Ignatius Press (published 2024). ISBN 978-1-62164-704-1.
  2. ^ a b c d "St. Frances Xavier Cabrini - Missionary to the Immigrants | Florida State Council". web.archive.org. April 7, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Ripatrazone, Nick (Spring 2023). "Mother Cabrini, the First American Saint of the Catholic Church". Humanities: The Magazine of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Vol. 44, no. 2. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  4. ^ Kelley, Debbie (October 3, 2022). "Colorado's Mother Cabrini Day, Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples Day cause confusion". Colorado Springs Gazette. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  5. ^ "Mother Cabrini Day in Colorado". www.cabriniworld.org. October 2, 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Our Patron Saint". web.archive.org. August 30, 2009. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  7. ^ a b "Mother Cabrini, the First American Saint of the Catholic Church". National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  8. ^ a b "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini". web.archive.org. May 30, 2019. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  9. ^ "Catholic Home Study Service - Frances Xavier Cabrini 1850-1917". www.cin.org. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  10. ^ "Museo Cabriniano di Codogno - Home". www.museocabriniano.it. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  11. ^ a b c "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini - Franciscan Media". www.franciscanmedia.org. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  12. ^ "Museo Cabriniano di Codogno - Home". www.museocabriniano.it. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  13. ^ Rothman, Lily (July 6, 2016). "How Mother Cabrini Became the First American Saint". Faith. Time. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  14. ^ "Mother Cabrini, the First American Saint of the Catholic Church". National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  15. ^ a b "Saint of immigrants was almost sent back to her home country". Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  16. ^ a b "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini". www.cabrini.edu. Archived from the original on April 2, 2024. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  17. ^ Schapiro, Rich (March 15, 2008). "Cabrini Medical Center closing doors". Daily News. Retrieved December 12, 2019.
  18. ^ "New Page 1". web.archive.org. April 27, 2006. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  19. ^ Attaway, Julia (November 17, 2023). "Sabotage!". Cabrini Shrine NYC. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  20. ^ Tiedemann, R.G. (2016). Reference Guide to Christian Missionary Societies in China. Routledge. p. 204. ISBN 978-1315497310. Retrieved October 20, 2022.
  21. ^ Connolly, Seán (November 12, 2019). "The age of miracles has not passed". Catholic World Report.
  22. ^ a b Luongo, Michael (February 6, 2015). "In Upper Manhattan, Restoring the Golden Halo of Mother Cabrini". The New York Times.
  23. ^ Martin, Michelle (February 26, 2012). "Cabrini shrine seeing improvements, new mission" Archived August 26, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Catholic New World, Archdiocese of Chicago.
  24. ^ Martyrologium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001). ISBN 88-209-7210-7.
  25. ^ Mann, Tania (January 6, 2008). "Relic reawakens spirit of Mother Cabrini's mission" Archived August 26, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Catholic New World, Archdiocese of Chicago.
  26. ^ Pope Pius XII (September 7, 1950). "Sancta Francisca Xaveria Cabrini, V. Omnium Emigrantium Patrona Apud Deum Constituitur" (in Latin).
  27. ^ a b "History of the Shrine". The National Shrine of Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  28. ^ a b "The Shrine". Mother Cabrini Shrine. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  29. ^ "History of Mother Cabrini Shrine" Archived September 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Mother Cabrini Shrine, Golden, Colorado.
  30. ^ a b "About The Shrine". Cabrini Shrine NYC. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  31. ^ "New shrine to patron saint of migrants at St George's Cathedral". London SE1. Bankside Press. November 29, 2009.
  32. ^ "Mother Cabrini Shrine (Burbank, California) – The Italian Catholic Federation". Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  33. ^ "Campus tour" (PDF). Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima. Retrieved January 7, 2025.
  34. ^ "History of Pompeii Church". Our Lady of Pompeii Church, New York, NY.
  35. ^ Pronechen, Joseph (October 6, 2013). "New York's Marian Marvel". National Catholic Register.
  36. ^ Ryan, John T. (July 14, 2012). "Renewed life and spirit at Mother Cabrini Shrine". Peru Gazette.
  37. ^ Langlois, Michael (December 9, 2015). "The Mother Cabrini Shrine". Lake Champlain Weekly. Archived from the original on January 2, 2020. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
  38. ^ "Codogno – S. Francesca Cabrini" Archived October 12, 2022, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
  39. ^ "Founder Saint Statues", StPetersBasilica.info. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
  40. ^ "St. Frances X Cabrini Parish – Los Angeles, CA". St. Frances X Cabrini Catholic Church. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  41. ^ "St. Frances Cabrini Parish". sfcabrini.org. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  42. ^ "Saint Frances Cabrini Catholic Church". sfcparish.org. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  43. ^ "Welcome to St Frances Xavier Cabrini Catholic Church, Spring Hill, Florida". stfrancescabrini.org. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  44. ^ "Welcome to Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini Catholic Church! – Lake Nona, FL". saintcabrinicatholic.org. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  45. ^ "St. Francis Cabrini Church – Know Louisiana Cultural". 64 Parishes. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  46. ^ "St. Frances Cabrini | Catholic Church". cabriniparish.org. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  47. ^ "St. Frances Cabrini Catholic Church". Omaha Landmarks Heritage Preservation Commission. Retrieved October 17, 2022.
  48. ^ "St. Frances Cabrini Church – Saint Damien Parish". stdamienparish.com. May 23, 2019. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  49. ^ "St. Frances Cabrini R.C. Church". sfccoram.org.
  50. ^ "Cabrini Rochester". Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  51. ^ "Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini". New York City: East River Catholics.
  52. ^ "Colegio Santa Francisca Javier Cabrini Madrid". Retrieved August 7, 2017.
  53. ^ "St Francesca Cabrini Catholic Primary School". Retrieved October 18, 2022.
  54. ^ "Cabrini locations". Cabrini Health (Australia). Retrieved October 18, 2022.
  55. ^ "St. Frances Cabrini Medical Center – Hospital Sto. Tomas, Batangas – Where Patient Experience Matters". www.cabrinimed.com. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  56. ^ "History". Christus St. Frances Cabrini Hospital. Archived from the original on September 17, 2021.
  57. ^ Bosch, Adam. "St. Cabrini Home set to close". Times Herald-Record. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  58. ^ "Museo Cabriniano di Codogno". Retrieved October 12, 2022.
  59. ^ "Cabrini University to close permanently in 2024". Black Catholic Messenger. June 27, 2023.
  60. ^ "RSA Cabrini". www.rsacabrini.it. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  61. ^ "Cabrini Mission Foundation". Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  62. ^ "Cabrini of Westchester". Cabrini of Westchester. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  63. ^ "The Cabrini–Green Issue" Archived September 10, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, The Paw Print, February 2009. Walter Payton College Preparatory High School, Chicago, Ill. Retrieved October 15, 2009.
  64. ^ "Cabrini Woods", Fort Tryon Park Trust.
  65. ^ Turner, Jean-Rae; Koles, Richard T. (2001). Newark, New Jersey. Arcadia Publishing. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-7385-2352-1.
  66. ^ "Mother Cabrini Park : NYC Parks". www.nycgovparks.org. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  67. ^ "Home - Cabrini Zentrum - KJF Regensburg". www.cabrini-zentrum.de. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  68. ^ "St. Frances Xavier Cabrini", National Women's Hall of Fame.
  69. ^ "Class of 2022" Colorado Women's Hall of Fame.
  70. ^ Hindi, Saja (March 20, 2020). "Columbus Day no longer a state holiday in Colorado". The Denver Post. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
  71. ^ "Governor Cuomo Unveils Mother Cabrini Memorial in Battery Park City" (Press release). New York State. October 12, 2020. Archived from the original on October 13, 2020.
  72. ^ "The Legacy of Mother Cabrini: Story of Immigration". Groundswell. Retrieved February 22, 2022.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Lorit, Sergio C. Frances Cabrini. New City Press (1975, Second Printing).
[edit]
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